The Effect of Attractiveness and E-Wom on Tourist Interest to The City of Batu
Keywords:
attractiveness, e-wom, tourist interest, consumer behavior, batu cityAbstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has paralyzed the tourism sector. This is certainly a formidable challenge for the tourism sector in terms of decreasing the number of foreign tourists coming to Indonesia. In addition, it also has an impact on the decline in national income originating from the tourism sector. Therefore, in order to bounce back in the new normal era and foster tourist interest in traveling, efforts are needed in terms of increasing attractiveness and e-wom in each destination. This study is an associative study which aims to determine the role of attractiveness and e-wom on tourist interest in Batu Malang City. Data collection techniques by giving a set of questions in the questionnaire given to respondents. The sample was obtained by accidental sampling technique and collected there were 100 respondents who were willing to help fill out the questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire that have been answered will then be processed with the help of the SPSS-26 program so that the results of the validity test, reliability test, multiple linear regression analysis, hypothesis testing and determination coefficient test can be obtained e-wom on the tourist interest variable gives positive and significant results.
References
Ahmad, N., Z. Yue, R. Saeed, D. Darmawan, M. Jaykumar & A. A. Mohamed. 2014. Effective Implementation of Strategic Plans and Actions in Modern Corporate Management. The Business &Management Review, 4(2), 295-312.
Ariya, G., B. Wishitemi., & N. Sitati3. 2017. Tourism Destination Attractiveness As Perceived By Tourists Visiting Lake Nakuru National Park, Kenya. International Journal Of Research In Tourism And Hospitality (Ijrth), 3(4),1-13.
Budiyanto, B. & D. Darmawan. 2005. Pengaruh Strategi Bauran Pemasaran terhadap Niat Pembelian Ulang Produk Sepeda Motor, Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan, 9(3), 362-377.
Casaló, LV, C. Flavián., M. Guinalíu., & Y. Ekinci. 2015. Do Online Hotel Rating Schemes Influence Booking Behaviors?. International Journal Of Hospitality Management, 4(9), 28–36.
Chen, C.H., B. Nguyen., Philipp., & M.S. Wu. 2015. Exploring Electronic Word of Mouth (Ewom) in the Consumer Purchase Decisionmaking Process: The Case on Online Holidays – Evidence From United Kingdom (UK) Consumers. Journal of Travel and Marketing, 32, 953-970.
Chen, R., F. D. Delli, O. R. Isma, D. Darmawan & F. Delinger. 2015. Consequences of Word of Mouth from the Perspective of WOM Senders, Journal of Marketing Management, 31(9), 1018-1039.
Chen, YC, R. Shang., & M.J. Li 2014. The Effects of Perceived Relevance of Travel Blogs’ Content on the Behavioral Intention to Visit a Tourist Destination. Computers in Human Behavior, 30(10), 787–799.
Cheng, T. M., H.C. Wu., & L.M. Huang. 2012. The Influence Of Place Attachment On The Relationship Between Destination Attractiveness And Environmentally Responsible Behavior For Island Tourism In Penghu, Taiwan. Journal Of Sustainable Tourism, 21(8), 1166-1187.
Cho, V. 2008. Linking Location Attractiveness and Tourist Intention. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 8(3), 220-224.
Darmawan, D. 2002. Dampak Kesan Kualitas Rumah Makan terhadap Minat Mereferensikan, Jurnal Bisnis, Ekonomi dan Sosial, 3(1), 1-12.
Darmawan, D. 2005. Pengaruh Ekuitas Nilai dan Kepuasaan Nasabah terhadap Pemilihan Merek dan Penyampaian Berita dari Mulut Ke Mulut, Jurnal Akuntansi, Manajemen Bisnis dan Sektor Publik, 1(2), 145-157.
Darmawan, D. 2008. Pengaruh Berita dari Mulut ke Mulut terhadap Keyakinan Merek, Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, IX, 74-79.
Darmawan, D. 2009. Pengaruh Lokasi, Harga, Kelompok Acuan, Gaya Hidup dan Kelas Sosial terhadap Minat Berkunjung Kembali ke Wisata Jatim Park 1 di Batu Malang, Jurnal Ilmu Sosial, 3(4), 181-192.
Darmawan, D. & E. Ferrinadewi. 2003. Dampak Publik Figure sebagai Product Endorser terhadap Minat Pembeli Konsumen, Jurnal Media Komunikasi Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 2(1), 27-33.
Darmawan, D. & E. Retnowati. 2013. Peranan Kepercayaan dan Keamanan terhadap Minat Belanja di Tokopedia, Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 3(1), 1-6.
Darmawan, D., R. Mardikaningsih, & M. Hariani. 2019. The Effect of Endorser Celebrity, Attitude Toward to Ads, and Brand Attitude on Purchase Intention, Relasi - Jurnal Ekonomi, 15(2), 263-276.
Darmawan, D., M. Hariani, M. Irfan, & A. R. Putra. 2020. Minat Menggunakan Jasa Penyeberangan Kapal Feri Rute Ujung –Kamal di Masa Pandemi Covid-19, Jurnal Baruna Horizon, 3(2), 242-250.
Darmawan, D. & S. Arifin. 2021. Studi Empiris tentang Kontribusi Harga, Varian Produk, dan Kemasan terhadap Pembentukan Minat Beli Produk Sabun Mandi Batang (Studi Kasus terhadap Pekerja Rantau di Kota Surabaya), Bisman (Bisnis dan Manajemen): Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, 4(2), 99-116.
Darmawan, D., F. Purwanto, Jahroni, & A. Infante. 2021. The Relationship Between Satisfaction and Loyalty of Hotel Service Users in The Tourism City of Batu, Malang. Journal of Engineering and Social Sciences (JESS), 1(1), 48-56.
Dellarocas, C. 2003. The Digitization of Word of Mouth: Promise and Challenges of Online Feedback Mechanisms. Management Science, 49(10), 1407–1424.
Djaelani M., & D. Darmawan. 2021. Analisis Persepsi Kualitas Layanan Kapal Feri. Journal of Trends Economics and Accounting Research, 2(1), 22-25.
Djati, S. Pantja & D. Darmawan. 2004. Pengaruh Kesan Kualitas Layanan, Harga dan Kepuasan mahasiswa PTS terhadap Minat Mereferensi Kampusnya, Jurnal Widya Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 4(2), 190-204.
Doosti, S., M.R. Jalilvand., A. Asadi, J. Khazaei Pool., & P. Mehrani Adl. 2016. Analyzing The Influence Of Electronic Word Of Mouth On Visit Intention: The Mediating Role Of Tourists’ Attitude And City Image. International Journal Of Tourism Cities2(2), 1-12.
Fared, M. A., D. Darmawan, & M. Khairi. 2021. Contribution of E-Service Quality to Repurchase Intention with Mediation of Customer Satisfaction: Study of Online Shopping Through Marketplace, Journal of Marketing and Business Research, 1(2), 93-106.
Ferrinadewi, E. & D. Darmawan. 2004. Perilaku Konsumen: Analisis Model Keputusan, Universitas Atma Jaya, Yogyakarta.
Filieri, R & F. Mcleay. 2014. E-Wom And Accommodation: An Analysis Of The Factors At Influence Travelers’ Adoption Of Information From Online Reviews. Journal Of Travel Research, 53(1), 44–57.
Filieri, R. 2016. What Makes an Online Consumer Review Trustworthy? Annals of Tourism Research, 58, 46–64.
Formica, S., & M. Uysal. 2006. Destination Attractiveness Based on Supply and Demand Evaluations: An analytic framework. Journal of Travel Research, 44, 418–430.
Gosal, J., E. Andajani, & S. Rahayu. 2020. The Effect Of E-Wom On Travel Intention, Travel Decision, City Image,And Attitude To Visit A Tourism City. Advances In Economics, Business And Management Research,115, 261-265.
Gunawan, A., Y. Yuliana, D. Darmawan, & S. Arum. 2012. Manajemen Terapan dan Bisnis, Spektrum Nusa Press, Jakarta.
Hariani, M., S. Arifin & Y. R. Al Hakim. 2021. The Effect of Perceived Service Quality and Price on Hotel Service User Satisfaction In Surabaya, Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 2(1), 19-24.
Hennig-Thurau, T., K. Gwinner., G. Walsh., & D. Gremler. 2004. Electronic Word of Mouth Via Consumer-Opinion Platforms: What Motivates consumers to Articulate Themselves on The Internet?. Journal of Interactive Marketing18(1), 38-52.
Hidayat, T., D. Darmawan, O. R. Isma, M. Hariani & A. R. Putra. 2015. Hubungan Inovasi Produk, Harga Premi dan Perilaku Konsumen. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Manajemen, 5(2), 119-130.
Hou, J. S., C. H. Lin., & D.B. Morais. 2005. Antecedents of Attachment to a Cultural Tourism Destination: The case of Hakka and Non-Hakka Taiwanese visitors to Pei-Pu, Taiwan. Journal of Travel Research, 44(2), 221–233.
Irfan, M. & A. R. Putra. 2020. The Effect of Packaging and Brand Image on Purchase Intentions of Packed Rice Products, Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 1(1), 13-22.
Iskandar, M. & D. Darmawan. 2003. Strategi Pemasaran, IntiPresindo Pustaka, Bandung
Issalillah, F., D. Darmawan & R. K. Khayru. 2021. Social Cultural, Demographic and Psychological Effects on Insurance Product Purchase Decisions, Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 2(1), 1-10.
Jahroni, J., E. A. Sinambela, R. Mardikaningsih, & D. Darmawan. 2021. Pengaruh Citra Toko, Suasana Toko dan Harga terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai. 5(3), 10234-10241.
Jalilvand, M.R., N. Samiei., B. Dini., & P. Yaghoubi. 2012. Examining The Structural Relationships Of Electronic Word Of Mouth, Destination Image, Tourist Attitude Toward Destination And Travel Intention: An Integrated Approach. Journal Of Destination Marketing & Management, 1(1-2), 134-143.
Kemarauwana, M. & D Darmawan. 2020. Perceived Ease of Use Contribution to Behavioral Intention in Digital Payment, Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 1(1), 1-4.
Khairi, M. & D. Darmawan. 2021. The Relationship Between Destination Attractiveness, Location, Tourism Facilities, and Revisit Intentions, Journal of Marketing and Business Research, 1(1), 39-50.
Khasanah, H., S. Arum, & D. Darmawan. 2010. Pengantar Manajemen Bisnis, Spektrum Nusa Press, Jakarta.
Khayru, R.K. 2021. Opinions about Consumer Behavior during the Covid-19 Pandemic, Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(1), 31-36.
Khayru, R. K., D. Darmawan., & M. Munir. 2021. Analysis of Product Preference of Chitato and Lays Potato Chips. Marginal: Journal of Management, Accounting, General Finance and International Economic Issues, 1(1), 10-15.
Kiley, A.M., B. Evans, M. Ismail, R. Saeed, D. Darmawan, L. C. Hoe & A.T. Hannan. 2015. Strategic Flexibility and the Virtue of Innovation in Responding to the Dynamics of Change. The Journal of Management Studies, 31(3), 865-878.
Krešić D., & D. Darko Prebežac. 2011. Index of Destination Attractiveness as a Tool for Destination Attractiveness Assessment. Original Scientific Papep, 59(4), 497-517.
Kurniawan, Y., E. Retnowati, D. Darmawan, N. S. Wisnujati & A. Hardianingsih. 2021. The Influence of Economic Income Level and Knowledge on Students' Consumption Level, Journal of Science, Technology and Society, 2(1), 25-34.
Lee, C. F., H.I. Huang., & H.R. Yeh. 2010. Developing an Evaluation Model for Destination aAttractiveness: Sustainable forest recreation tourism in Taiwan. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(6), 811–828
Lee, C., P. Chen., & H. I. Huang. 2014. Attributes of Destination Attractiveness in Taiwanese Bicycle Tourism: The Perspective of Active Experienced Bicycle Tourists. International Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Administration, 15(3), 275-297.
Lue, C., J.L. Crompton., & W.P. Stewart. 1996. Evidence of Cumulative Attraction in Multidestination Recreational Trip Decision. Journal of Travel Research, 35(1), 41-50.
Mardikaningsih, R., Sinambela, E.A, Darmawan, D., & Nurmalasari, D. 2020. Perilaku Konsumtif dan Minat Hubungan Mahasiswa Menggunakan Jasa Pinjaman Online. Jurnal Simki Pedagogia, 3(6), 98-110.
Mardikaningsih, R., E. A. Sinambela, D. Darmawan & S.N. Halizah. 2021. Hubungan Perilaku Produktif dan Minat Mahasiswa Berwirausaha. Jurnal Manajemen, Bisnis, dan Kewirausahaan, 1(1), 121-130.
Mardikaningsih, R. & D. Darmawan. 2021. Pengaruh Gaya Hidup, Lokasi, dan Kelompok Acuan terhadap Minat Kunjung Kembali Tunjungan Plaza Surabaya. Journal of Trends Economics and Accounting Research, 2(2), 43-48.
McKercher, B. 1998. The Effect of Market Access to Destination Choice. Journal of Travel Research, 37, 39–47.
Paquette, H. 2013. Social Media as a Marketing Tool: A Literature Review. Journal of University of Rhode Island, 1-26
Prideaux, B. 2000a. The Role of Transport System in Destination Development. Tourism Management, 21, 53–63.
Schiffman, L., & L.L. Kanuk. 2007. Perilaku Konsumen. PT. Indeks, Jakarta
Setyaningsih & D. Darmawan. 2004. Pengaruh Citra Merek terhadap Efektifitas Iklan, Jurnal Media Komunikasi Ekonomi dan Manajemen, 2(3), 41-49.
Oetomo, H. & D. Darmawan. 2003. Kajian Perbedaan Sikap Masyarakat terhadap Commercial Endorsements dan Political Endorsements, Jurnal Ekonomi-Manajemen, 2(2), 91-112.
Padma, A., N. Aisyah, D. Darmawan, I.A. Azmi & A. R. Putra. 2018. Contingency Approach to Strategies for Service Firms, Business Research, 7(2), 178-189.
Retnowati, E. & R. Mardikaningsih. 2021. Study on Online Shopping Interest Based on Consumer Trust and Shopping Experience, Journal of Marketing and Business Research, 1(1), 15-24.
Retnowati, E., D. Darmawan, R. Mardikaningsih, & E. A. Sinambela. 2021. Pengaruh Pencapaian Kepuasan Konsumen Rumah Makan Berdasarkan Kesan Kualitas Produk dan Harga. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ekonomi Syariah (JESYA), 4(2), 1382-1389.
Siang, J.H., W.G. Yang., & L.W. Liu. 2020. Impact Of Wom And Online Wom On Tourist Destinations In Indonesia. Utopía Y Praxis Latinoamericana, 25(10),297-309.
Sinambela, E.A. 2021. Examining the Relationship between Tourist Motivation, Touristic Attractiveness, and Revisit Intention, Journal of Social Science Studies, 1(1), 25-30.
Smith, V. 2000. Hosts and guests: The anthropology of tourism. Philadelphia University Press, Philadelphia.
Sondakh, P. M., & A. Tumbel. 2016. Pelayanan Keamanan Dan Daya Tarik Mempengaruhi Minat Wisatawan Yang Berkunjung Ke Objek Wisata Alam Gunung Mahawu, Tumohon. Jurnal Berkala Ilmiah Efisiensi, 16(1), 280-288.
Tosun, C., B.B. Dedeoğlu., & A. Fyall. 2015. Destination Service Quality, Affective Image and Revisit Intention: The moderating role of past experience. Journal of Destination Marketing and Management, 4(4), 222–234.
Trirahayu, D., L. Putriana, D. Darmawan, E. A. Sinambela & R. Mardikaningsih. 2014. Peran Bauran Pemasaran Jasa terhadap Minat Beli dan Minat Mereferensikan. Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Manajemen, 4(1), 51-62.
Um, S., & J.L. Crompton. 1990. Attitude Determinants in Tourism Destination Choice. Annals of Tourism Research17(3), 432-448.
Vuuren, C. V., & E. Slabbert. 2011. Travel Motivation and Behaviour of Tourists to a South African Resort. International Conference on Tourism and Management Studies -Algarve 2011, 1, 295–304.
Wahab, E., A. Aziz, D. Darmawan, M. Hashim & Y. Fan. 2017. Marketing New Products to Mainstream Customers, Journal of Economics and Business, 8(2), 239-246.
Wang, P. 2015. Exploring the Influence of Electronic Word-of-Mouth on Tourists’ Visit Intention. Journal of Systems and Information Technology, 17(4), 381–395.
Wen, I., 2009. Factors Affecting the Online Travel Buying Decision: a review. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 21(6), 752-765.
Whang, H., S. Yong., & E. Ko. 2015. Pop culture, Destination Images, and Visit Intentions : Theory and research on travel motivations of Chinese and Russian tourists. Journal of Business Research, 69(2), 631-641.
Wright, P., B. Dunford., & A. Snell. 2001. Human Resources and The Resource Based View of the Firm. Journal of Management 27, 701-721.