Healthy Lifestyle, Nutritious Diet, and Food Policy for Obesity Prevention in Indonesia
Keywords:
obesity, healthy lifestyle, physical activity, diet, nutritious diet, health policy, nutrition literacyAbstract
Obesity is one of the global health challenges whose prevalence continues to increase, including in Indonesia. This phenomenon not only affects individual health but also causes significant economic and social burdens. This research aims to analyze the literature related to obesity prevention through a healthy lifestyle, focusing on the promotion of physical activity, healthy eating, and nutritious diet policies. The method used is a qualitative literature study with a thematic synthesis approach, which allows the identification of main themes from various academic sources. The results of the analysis show that physical activity plays an important role in maintaining energy balance, however, the level of public compliance with global recommendations is still low. Healthy eating based on nutritious diets has been proven effective in preventing obesity, however, nutritional transitions and the marketing of ultra-processed foods are significant obstacles. Food policies, including advertising regulations, taxes on sweetened beverages, and subsidies for healthy foods, have proven effective in several countries and have the potential to be implemented in Indonesia. This research also highlights that cultural factors, nutritional literacy, and social inequality are important determinants that influence eating behavior and physical activity. Obesity prevention efforts therefore need to be carried out through multi-level interventions involving individuals, families, communities, governments, and the private sector. This research contributes academically to strengthening the perspective of health sociology and offers practical implications for the development of more effective public policies.
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